Acute pain in the lumbar region, against the background of osteochondrosis of the spine, is a widespread problem that the vast majority of people face.By reaching us as a reward for our direct (due to an increase in the axial load of the spine), this disease will sooner or later affect every resident of the planet, the only question is how quickly this happens and how the symptoms are pronounced.Such "slender" statistics force this pathology to socially significant diseases and the fight against it should be a task not only an individual person suffering from the manifestations of the disease, but also of the world health system as a whole.Therefore, the issue of treating osteochondrosis of the spine is a very appropriate topic.
So what is osteochondrosis?Consider briefly how the development of the disease occurs.In his name, if you translate it literally from Latin, the structures that change with osteochondrosis are determined: bone and cartilage.In order to depreciate the resistance to vertical loads, the nature placed between our vertebrae, special fibrous wing cingers "pillows"-interfebric discs.Nutrition is carried out in childhood due to blood vessels, which are lost by approximately 25 years, and nutrition begins to be diffuse due to the surrounding muscles.
In pathological loads of the spine (sedentary or vice versa - excessive physical activity), disorders of the processes of mineral metabolism, the intervertebral disc loses its elastic and depreciating properties, its height decreases, the structure of the vertebrae changes, the pathological growths of the bones (osteophytes osteophytes and theThe affected area of the spine.In the late stages of the disease, the central part of the intervertebral disc, the so -called jacket is a jacket, drilling through the fibrous ring, forms a type of bag with convexity between the vertebrae bodies - the intervertebral hernia.Hernia can cause compression of nerve roots adjacent to the vertebrae, intense pain occurs in the compression area, as well as in the area regulated by the affected nerve.Due to the constant irritation of the nerve plexus, reflex spasm of the skeletal muscles, called protective protection in medicine, occurs, which, on the one hand, protects the suffering area of the spine from excessive movements, and, on the other, enhances compression, swelling and pain in the affected area.
In the greater part of the cases (90%) pain with osteochondrosis (even extremely pronounced) is due to muscle spasm!In other cases, the cause of the pain is compression of the nerve root or spinal cord directly from the hernia of the intervertebral disc.
Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine: how to heal
Of all parts of the spine and there are five of them in total (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal) due to the largest motor load, the lumbar part is most often suffers from the manifestations of the disease.Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine has vivid symptoms known to all, and its treatment is an important social task as it impairs the quality of life not only for the elderly but also to active people of working age.
The pain can be located directly in the lumbar region, as well as on the anterior surface of the thigh or throughout the back or outer surface of the leg, sometimes to the toes themselves.Often, pain is applied to the gluteal region, sacrum, crotch and sometimes they can only be located in those areas, disguised as diseases of the genitator and intestines and make it difficult to make the correct diagnosis.The intensity of the pain syndrome can be so high that one loses the ability to make the most elementary movements, to occupy forced postures and to lose normal sleep.This is the same radicolitis that has long become a synonym for the disease in wide circles.
Restriction of motor activity.The usual movements and sensitivity in the limbs occur, and muscle convulsions occur, paresthesia (sensations of numbness, burning of "creeping geese").
Disruption of the pelvic function.With intense radicular syndrome known to all as radicolitis or massive hernial convexity, urination and intestinal work, it can even be impaired, causing severe pain in the patient.
The treatment of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine often becomes a difficult task for both the patient and the doctor.Everyone who suffers from this disease was asked with questions: "How to treat osteochondrosis of the lower back?", "How to treat osteochondrosis of the lumbar region?", "If the treatment of osteochondrosis of the lumbar department at home does not help - which doctor to contact?"
The following doctors will help to deal with the exacerbation of osteochondrosis and prescribe competent treatment: therapist, neurologist, specialist in medical massage, manual therapist, physiotherapist and, if necessary, surgical treatment is neurosurgery.
Ways to combat osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
The main thing in the treatment of osteochondrosis is the right lifestyle!In people who actively and properly participate in physical culture and observe the spine, the back never hurts!Unfortunately, few people follow these simple truths.
By analyzing this problem, you can emphasize:
- medicines;
- Non -drug.
Methods without a doctor
- Scattering proceduresSTheir effect lies in the name itself - the use of various applicators, massage carpets and rolls, wool belts, "lotions" and "friction" due to the effects on the endings of the superficial nerve and blood vessels slightly reduce muscle spasm and pain syndrome.These methods can be used as ancillary but isolated use to exacerbate osteochondrosis of the lumbar region without systemic treatment with special drugs is ineffective.
- Immobilization meansSThese remedies are understood as dressings of different designs, the wearing of which allows you to protect your spine from sudden and "dangerous" movements and redistribute the load during static work.Immobilization can be purchased at medical equipment and pharmacies stores, but before you buy it is advisable to consult a doctor who will help you determine the optimal design, firmness and completion of the dressing in your situation.It is advisable to use them only for the time of exposure to adverse factors (wheel trips, seated work, etc.) as prolonged use causes muscle hypotrophy.
- Medical Physical Education (Exercise Therapy)- Integral component of complex treatment of osteochondrosis.Exercise aimed at maintaining the tone of the back muscles and removing pathological muscle spasm, helps to restore and maintain motor activity, reduces the intensity of pain syndrome.A significant plus of exercise is that after training by the instructor, one can perform self -exercise at home daily, as well as in the existence of a set of exercises that are applicable even when the process exacerbates.The most effective method of exercise is mechanotherapy - simulators classes according to an individually designed method, since the formation of a muscle corset needs weight work.
- Massage-Known since ancient times, the most common and perhaps the most common way to prevent and treat, however, cannot be used in the exacerbation of lumbar osteochondrosis exacerbation.In addition, only a specialist in medical education who knows the anatomy and physiology and techniques of possession of medical massage should perform a massage with osteochondrosis.
- Manual therapyAnd in recent years, osteopathy in recent years, performed by a competent professional, can have a significant healing effect and even eliminate the exacerbations of the disease for a long period.Важно е също така да запомните, че когато се обърнете към ръчен терапевт преди началото на процедурите, е необходимо да се проведе инструмент за изследване на гръбначния стълб (рентгенография, изчислени или магнитни резонансни изображения, остеоденситометрия), за да се даде възможност на лекаря да оцени разпространението и тежестта на процеса и да се изключи възможните противоположни показания за манипулацията.Like massage, manual therapy and osteopathy have a number of contraindications, such as pronounced compression of the nerve root of hernia, subluxation of the vertebrae.In the acute period of osteochondrosis of the lumbar region, usually soft techniques of manual therapy (muscle relaxation, etc.) are used.
- AcupunctureSBased on the results of recent studies, the use of this method of methodology, popular in broad circles, is considered as evidence based on the drug unreasonably for osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, which does not eliminate the symptoms of the disease and refers to non -traditional methods of treatment.
- Physiotherapyincluded in the national clinical recommendations and standards for the provision of medical assistance for osteochondrosis, has long proven its effectiveness in the treatment of this disease.With osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, electromiostimulation, ampulically therapy, shock wave therapy, intracaric myostimulation, laser therapy.Magnetotherapy remains the popular method of complex treatment.Its advantages include good tolerance and a small list of contraindications, the ability to use in the acute period of the disease.By acting on all connections of the pathological process, after several procedures, it significantly reduces the pain and allows a person to expand the motor activity.In addition, by improving the trophism of the affected tissues, it slows the progression of the disease.An unconditional advantage of this method is the ability to use it independently by the patient outside the walls of a medical institution.
But if all the above methods that are not ineffective - how then to treat lumbar osteochondrosis?
Medication
Diseases include the appointment of the following medicinal groups.
Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are produced in forms for topical (gels, ointments, cream) and for systemic use (tablets, candles, intramuscular and intravenous administration solutions).Their action is based on the blockage of the inflammatory process at the enzymatic level, resulting in the swelling in the area of the lesion eliminated and the pain syndrome is significantly reduced.
In the early stages of the disease there is sufficient local use of NSAIDs in combination with non -valen methods (therapeutic exercises, magnetotherapy).With a pronounced pathological process and intense pain syndrome, you should resort to a tablet and sometimes injection forms of medicines.
Unfortunately, with good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of NSAIDs, with prolonged systemic use, development and exacerbation of ulcerative processes of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as impaired renal and hepatic function.Therefore, patients taking NSAIDs for a long time need medicines that protect the gastric mucosa and regular laboratory control of the liver and kidneys.
Systemic muscle relaxants, that is, medicines that relieve muscle spasm.The principle of their action lies in the title: relaxation of spasmodic muscles helps to reduce the compression of nerves and blood vessels, edema in the area of damage - blood circulation and innervation improves - pain decreases;Due to the decrease in muscle protection, the tension of the ligamentary apparatus decreases - the drilling (convexity) of the intervertebral disc decreases - the pain disappears, the volume of movements increases.
Missorelaxants for the treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine are produced in the form of tablets and solutions for intramuscular administration in order to achieve the therapeutic effect, they should be taken for a long time, gradually increasing the dose.Like NSAIDs, muscle relaxants have a number of contraindications and can cause unwanted side effects, therefore, despite the free sale in pharmacy networks, you should consult a doctor before purchasing them.
Local anesthetics or topical anesthesia drugs are used to treat lumbar osteochondrosis drugs in the form of so -called paravertebral blockade when the drug is first administered subcutaneously, and then in the area of the processes of the affected spine during the projection of the presumed compression of the nerve.
When it accumulates in the nerve fibers membranes, the drug effectively blocks the pain signal.The therapist will certainly not be able to perform such a blockade;For his behavior, you need to contact a neurologist or neurosurgeon.
Also, glucocorticosteroid solutions (GKS) - hormonal drugs with pronounced anti -inflammatory effects are sometimes used for paravertebral administration.Their topical application allows you to maximize effect when minimizing the risk of unwanted side effects of the medicine.Such a blockade is conducted 2-3 times a year, a neurologist or a neurosurgeon doctor should perform them.
In vitamins "B".In each pharmacy you can find different medicines in this group, both in oral and intramuscular administration forms.They are thought to have a neurotrophic and mild analgizing effect, but a reliable justification for their use for osteochondrosis of the spine is not obtained through a medicine based on evidence.
Physiotherapy for osteochondrosis of lumbar
Unfortunately, sometimes complete treatment with the help of modern drugs, physiotherapy, massage and exercise is ineffective - one continues to experience pain, remains limiting physical activity and quality of life suffers significantly.This happens in the shorter stages of the disease, when volumetric, often multiple hernias on intervertebral discs are formed.In such a situation, surgical treatment is shown.In addition, the surgery is shown with the so -called "hernia breakdown" when significant compression of the spinal canal causes inconsistent pain, statiomic disorders and blockade of bladder and intestine function.In such cases, the operation is performed under an emergency order.The purpose of surgical interventions for osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine is the mechanical decompression of the spinal canal and nerve roots.
At present, both known volume surgical methods are used in the surgical treatment of osteochondrosis and minimally invasive endoscopic interventions proposed by modern medicine, using laser and radio frequency effects, some of which can be performed even with local pain relief.
After looking at the main methods of treating osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, I would like to point out that the patient is asking the question "How to cure lumbar osteochondrosis?"He should rely not only on the help of doctors, but also on his own strength, understanding the importance of a healthy lifestyle, in which the right dose and mainly dosed physical activity is welcomed, and most importantly - a branch of B in.Winning over the disease.